实验性犬细小病毒感染及其病理形态学研究

取2～3月龄大13只(10只肠道驱虫),禁食24h后,分组分别经口鼻、静脉、肌肉接种TCID_(50)/ml为4×10~(5·75)的犬细小病毒(CPV)第四代猫肾细胞培养毒11.5或25.0m1/kg,再禁食48h。结果,各犬均于接种后第4d起陆续典型发病,粪便HA试验阳性,负染见CPV粒子。主要病理学变化是,小肠出血性坏死性炎,心肌灶状出血和颗粒变性;胸腺皮质的胸腺细胞及淋巴结皮质的淋巴细胞死亡、减少;在一些小肠隐窝上皮细胞、淋巴结的淋巴细胞和网状细胞以及胸腺的胸腺细胞和上皮性网状细胞核内见嗜酸性、嗜硷性或两染性包涵体;3只3月龄犬膈肌灶状出血。小肠粘膜扫描电镜观察,粘液增多,绒毛肿胀。其上的横沟变钱或消失。杯状细胞开口扩张,数目增加。电镜观察,在小肠隐窝上皮未分化细胞的核内见直径为27nm的CPV粒子,并对其形态发生作了描述。     

犬骨不连动物模型的建立

为建立一种客观的骨不连动物实验模型,采用手术的方法将前臂桡骨中段截除1.5cm骨段(包括骨膜),骨断端用骨蜡封闭髓腔,使之形成骨不连的病理状况。于术后3个月X射线检查,结果显示两断端均有骨的生长但未能建立骨性连接,骨端硬化,髓腔封闭,符合骨不连的X射线表现,成功建立了动物模型。     

犬实验感染CDV的病理学研究

对实验感染犬瘟热病毒的病犬进行了系统的病理学观察，并用酶标ＳＰＡ法对病犬脏器组织中ＣＤＶ抗原进行了定位检查。结果表明，淋巴系统各器官组织是ＣＤＶ急性感染早期首先侵犯的靶器官。脏器组织的病理改变与ＣＤＶ抗原检出呈正相关。脏器组织中包涵体的检出与形态结构具有一定的特征性和示病意义，但采用免疫组化方法检查ＣＤＶ抗原，更具优越性。作者认为，ＣＤＶ９３０３９株和ＣＤＶ９３０４１株是致病力很强的泛嗜性ＣＤＶ。     

Acute Reactions in Dogs Treated with Doxorubicin: Increased Frequency with the Use of a Generic Formulation

During a 4-month period, 34 dogs with tumors received a total of 60 doses of a single generic formulation of doxorubicin; 13 acute drug reactions were observed in these 34 dogs, and no acute reactions were observed after replacing the product with the proprietary brand. These reactions were characterized by one or more of the following signs: pruritus; head-shaking; urticaria; erythema of the pinnal, axillary, or inguinal regions; vocalization; vomiting; hyperemic or pale mucous membranes; high heart rate; and high respiratory rate. We propose that a component unique to generic doxorubicin was responsible for the unusually high number of acute drug reactions observed.     

实验性水貂细小病毒性肠炎的病理形态学研究

健康水貂6只,3只作对照,另3只口服-20℃保存9个月的水貂细小病毒性肠炎粪毒。实验貂临床症状典型,小肠粘膜出现“气球样”上皮细胞,肠腺和绒毛上皮细胞广泛变性、坏死、脱落,胞浆内可见嗜酸性小体;胞核可见两种类型Cowdry A型包涵体;在肠系膜淋巴结、骨髓、脾和肾上腺也观察到了核内包涵体。在小肠绒毛上皮细胞膜上和肠腺腺腔中发现大量G-小杆菌。同时,用扫描电镜观察了各肠段粘膜表面的变化;用透射电镜研究了空肠前段粘膜上皮细胞中水貂细小病毒(MPV)的形态发生及其所引起的超微病变,发现核仁及其相随染色质参与了核内包涵体的形成。     

ADV感染阳性母貂产仔情况及幼仔分窝时ADV的感染率

用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）方法检测、筛选出19只ADV感染阳性的母貂作为试验组,跟踪观察母貂配种后的产仔情况,并与ADV感染阴性的11只母貂的产仔情况进行了对比分析。使用PCR方法对试验组母貂所产幼仔分窝时感染ADV的情况进行了检测。结论：试验组母兽产仔的数量少,死胎数及发育不良的幼仔数要明显高于对照组;试验组母兽所产幼仔分窝时感染ADV的比例为100％。     

狐貉源犬瘟热病毒核蛋白基因的克隆及序列比较分析

参照已发表的犬瘟热病毒(CDV)核蛋白基因(N)序列设计合成了1对引物,用RT-PCR方法对从发病狐、貉中分离的MS01、SC01、ZD01三株CDV的N基因进行扩增,并分别将其PCR产物进行克隆和测序。测序结果表明:3病毒分离株N基因阅读框架全长均为1572bp,编码523个氨基酸。利用DNAstar的MegAlign生物软件,将3病毒分离株与Genbank数据库中现有的CDV毒株的N基因序列及推导出的氨基酸序列进行了同源性比较和系统进化树分析,结果发现:3病毒分离株与强毒参考株A75/17等野毒株高度同源,核苷酸同源为96.2%～99.1%,氨基酸同源为96.0%～99.8%,而与疫苗株Onderstepoor相对较远,核苷酸同源为93.6%～94.0%。N基因的系统进化关系分析显示:3病毒分离株均归为强毒株,并且与中国新疆的TN株、中国台湾的Kaohsiung株基因型最近,表现出一定的地理位置相关性。     

抗犬细小病毒的单克隆抗体的制备

CPV YZ株的细胞培养液经蔗糖密度梯度离心纯化后作为免疫原免疫BALB/C小鼠 ,应用杂交瘤技术筛选出 8株能稳定分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞 ,分别命名为F5G10、3F11F4、F11G6、6C5C2、6E4G3、6C2B11、F11D6、3D9C4株 ,各株单抗均为IgG型 ;中和试验表明 :F11G6、3D9C4、6E4G3、6C5B114株单抗有中和作用 ,Dot ELISA试验证明了 8株单抗仅针对病毒抗原决定簇的空间结构。     

小鹅瘟病毒的分离与初步鉴定

从死亡的具有典型小鹅瘟症状的7日龄雏鹅肝中分离到1株病毒．选用未免疫小鹅瘟疫苗的健康母鹅所产的12日龄鹅胚，进行鹅胚接种试验，雏鹅表现出典型鹅瘟临床症状和剖检特征；鸡胚致死率达到25％；不能凝集多种动物红细胞；能凝集黄牛精子，经琼脂扩散试验，用此株病毒感染的鹅胚液能与小鹅瘟病毒阳性血清发生特异性反应．综上所述，这株病毒初步鉴定为小鹅瘟病毒．     

Further Report on Carcinogenesis or Tumorigenicity of MDCK Canine Kidney Cell(CKC) Lines and Analysis of Their Chromosome Karyotypes

Using Hela cell cultures as positive control and primary canine kidney cell (CKC) or feline kidney cell (FKC) cultures purified in vitro on passage 3 as negative control, the tumorigenicity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was tested in ＞273 nude mice, and colony formation in soft agarose and haemagglutination under different concentration of plant lectins of these cells were carried out at the same time. Subsequently, very low tumorigenicity strains of MDCK line were successfully selected; these were evaluated for the production of canine or feline combination viral vaccines, free of infectious agents, and of known cytogenetic and tumorigenic. It is thus evident that MDCK cell of M, JB, JC, WB or H strain can be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines, but MDCK cell of YA, YB and KA strains can not be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines. The heritable character of these cell sub-lines is comparatively stable, and shows little significant difference between passages.